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铜鼓上的连续回旋形构造.方形的叫雷纹,圆形的叫云纹,这是壮族先民在农业耕种中对求雨的反映。它早巳出现在新石器时代出土的陶器上,甲骨文中可看出它的演变,商周时代把它加以发展.装饰在铜器上,铜鼓用它作花纹图案,反映了壮族先民一向从事农业生产,其中雷纹影响,为求雨多建雷庙,解放前南宁亭子立有雷庙,古时壮人还有定六月二十四日为雷公诞的。
(三)图腾崇拜的反映
鼓面饰有四至八只蛙,有的大蛙负小蛙,有的大蛙中还有数只小蛙。这是古人对蛙的崇拜。因“蛙鸣即铜鼓(鼓)精”、“鼓声宏者为上”,龟蛙能知天时,故视为神物。铜鼓为壮族先民的重器,鼓面饰蛙就是图腾崇拜的象征。东兰县解放前每年还举行“埋蛙婆的盛典之俗。至于翔鹭纹、十二生肖、钱纹等,都与农业人生产有密切关系的自然现象和生物有关。
(四)反映了壮族人民的历史传
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对这些铜鼓的合金成分及金属材质进行分析。同时对每面铜鼓的体形大小、器壁厚薄、鼓高与鼓身径的比值等进行的测量。[1] 冷水冲型铜鼓们分析、测量的数据公布之后,被研究这一领域的许多学者所采用。同时,一些学者根据古代铜鼓在铸造时在铜鼓表面遗留的痕迹,分析了铸造工艺,认为制范面的泥料是经过研磨、筛选或淘洗的细泥配制成的;大多数铜鼓暴露有芯垫.冷水冲型、北流型、灵山型等采用方形芯垫;冷水冲型、北流型和灵山型鼓的绝大多数,鼓身两侧各有一条合范缝;北流型、灵山型.大多数冷水冲型浇口设在鼓侧的范缝上,缝隙式浇注,使青铜台金熔液沿着铸型自下而上通过缝隙浇口由两面注人型腔,液流乎稳,充填迅速;根据对铜鼓镶嵌痕迹的分析,可知铜鼓的立体蛙饰和其他饰物以及一部分鼓耳应是失蜡法铸造的。这些装饰与鼓身的结合,应是用多块范组台的浑铸法,使它铸接到鼓体上去的。根据这些研究成果,得知古代铸造铜鼓的方法有:一泥型合范法
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