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磷(Phosphorus)是***元素,降低钢的塑性和韧性,出现冷脆性,能使钢的强度显著提高,同时提高大气腐蚀稳定性,含量应该限制在0.05%以下。等温退火工艺图,如图所示:4、均匀化退火(扩散退火)将铸件加热到略低于1100-1200℃的固相线温度(一般低于100℃)长时间保温,然后缓冷的热处理工艺。硫(Sulfur)通常硫是***元素,使钢热脆性大,含量限制在0.05%以下。但是易切削钢的硫含量高,可达0.08%~0.40%。钢指含碳量小于2%的铁碳合金。根据成分不同,又可分为碳素钢和合金钢。根据性能和用途不同,又可分为结构钢、工具钢和特殊性能钢。
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