IS200DAMAG1BBB

(3)将刀具 T2装上主轴 ,用 Z向测量仪找正读取 Z2,扣除 Z向测量仪高度后填入 H2;

(4)依次类推将所有刀具 Ti用 Z向测量仪找正 ,将 Zi扣除 Z向测量仪高度后填入 Hi;

(5)编程时 ,采用如下方法补偿 :

     G91G28Z0;

     T1M6;

     G43H1;

     G90G54G0X0Y0Z100;

     ……(一号刀加工内容 )

     G91G28Z0;

     T2M6;

     G43H2;

     G90G54G00X0Y0Z100;

     ……(二号刀加工内容 )

     ……M5;

     M30;

    检查多刀找正结果 :

    G91G28Z0;

    T1M6;

    G43H1;

    G90G54G0X0Y0Z100;

    Z5;

    M1; ……(根据刀具数量 ,分别编写相应类似程序段)。

3.2.1.3加工中心多刀加工时 Z向对刀和长度补偿方法二

(1)事先在刀具测量仪上测量并记录刀具(连刀柄)长度h1、h2、h3……;

(2)找正时将上述刀具选择其一 Ti,装上主轴 (通常选择端铣刀 );

(3)移动 Z向位置 ,用 Z向测量仪找正 Z向值 ,记录当前机床坐标系中的 Z向读数 Z1;

(4)将 Z1扣除 Z向测量仪高度 ,再扣除 Ti的长度 hi,将计算结果填入 G54的 Z项中 ;

(5)将各刀长度 h1、h2、h3……,分别填入机床长度补偿存储器 H1、H2、H3中;

(6)编程方法及刀具长度补偿调用格式同前述。

    多刀加工方法一简便 ,无需购买额外设备 ,但当加工程序刀具较多时 ,稍显麻烦 ,每次更换零件需要多次重复对刀。多刀加工方法一的工件坐标系原点为工件中心正上方 ,当长度补偿取消后相对安全。多刀加工方法二工件坐标系原点位于工件上表面与主轴底端紧贴时的位置 ,当长度补偿取消后存在潜在***。

3.2.2采用对刀块对刀

    为了避免损伤已加工的工件表面 ,在刀具和工件之间采用标准芯轴和块规对刀 ,其对刀过程类似 Z向测量仪对刀 ,完全凭经验手感使对刀块与工件表面轻微接触 ,计算时应将对刀块的厚度扣除 ,可见对刀精度不够高。

3.2.3试切法对刀

    采用试切法对刀方法简单 ,但会在工件上留下痕迹 ,且对刀精度较低 ,适用于零件粗加工时对刀操作。其对刀方法与 Z向测量仪相同。

4.注意事项及解决措施

(1)对刀操作以前 ,必须先执行机床回参考点操作 ,否则出现*** ;

(2)计算必须准确 ;

(3)用 G54设定工件坐标系 ,应在 MDI方式下进行 ;

(4)使用对刀程序 ,可以防止由于对刀不准确等原因出现***。

5.结束语

   本文阐述了数控加工中心加工中对刀方法在数控程序编程中的应用。机床操作者采用何种方式对刀取决于编程人员根据现场情况。零件加工阶段和操作者的习惯协调 ,可以使整个对刀操作简洁 ,并能保证零件加工质量。

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